Here is a list of the most common Selenium exceptions, and their possible cause:
Continue reading Common Selenium exceptions
Category Archives: selenium
Waiting for UI events
When running Selenium tests, in many situations one would like to wait to for some event to take place, before performing an action. For example, after clicking a button, one would need to wait for an element to be displayed until the test can use that element (the element being displayed is the event, using it is the action). Continue reading Waiting for UI events
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Run tests on multiple browsers
Running tests on multiple browsers helps ensure that the behavior and look of your application is consistent for all your users. Selenium offers the possibility to use most common browsers to run your tests against. However, if your application needs to run also on mobile devices, from within their browsers (not from within native applications that is), there is an easy way to simulate the mobile devices your users would open your website on. You can use Chrome ‘s user agent capabilities. Also, you can run tests on your regular browsers by having some extensions active in the browser session (you might need some additional actions to be performed with the help of these extensions). Continue reading Run tests on multiple browsers
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Creating the page objects
What is a page object
Simply put, a page object is an object that Selenium uses as a representation of an HTML element. Selenium tests will not interact with HTML code directly, but with objects that use selectors to refer to particular bits of the HTML code.
Defining page objects
You will need to create independent classes for declaring your page objects. Such a class should group together all the page objects that belong to the same page, or to the same module that is about to be tested. They should be grouped logically and naturally. The tests and page objects should not belong to the same Java class (they should be independent one of the other). This has a great number of advantages, amongst them: avoiding redundant code (having a page object in only one place), availability of a page object to every test class that needs it (every test class that needs an object will access it from the same location), changing of the selector will be done in only one place if the HTML code changes.
A recommended way of declaring a page object is presented here: Continue reading Creating the page objects
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CSS Selectors
Identifying HTML elements in order to interact with them within you tests can be done by using CSS Selectors, which use pattern matching to easily find these elements. Below are the most used patterns to identify the elements on a page and examples of their usage: Continue reading CSS Selectors
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XPATH selectors
To select HTML elements from your page, you can use XPath selectors, which are basically a set of expressions that will extract the nodes you require. The nodes are obtained by following a path in the HTML document, either downwards from a known node, or upwards (it searches for descendants or ancestors of a known element). To find elements using XPATH, find below what suits your search: Continue reading XPATH selectors
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HTML and Selenium. An introduction
HTML elements
An HTML element has the following syntax:
<element [attribute="value"|...] />An HTML element in enclosed within a preceding ‘<‘ and a trailing ‘/>’ characters. An HTML element can have none, one or many attributes, depending on its’ type. The attribute has pairs of keys and values to define additional information about the element.
There are a few attributes that can be assigned to any HTML element. Two of them are described here:
- ID – to specify a unique identifier for the element.
- CLASS – an element can have one or more classes.
There are a great number of HTML elements, but for the purpose of Selenium testing, the most commonly used ones are presented below.
Common HTML elements
Continue reading HTML and Selenium. An introduction
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Setting up the Selenium bits
After the project is created, you need to setup the Selenium dependency, in order to use the library’s functionality. Make sure you always have the latest Selenium libraries available. The constant upgrade of the modern browsers might make some Selenium features unavailable or not working properly with older library versions.
Browser Releases
To see what browser releases are scheduled in the future, you can check out these links:
- For Chrome: http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.ro/
- For Firefox: https://wiki.mozilla.org/Releases
Browser Binaries
Continue reading Setting up the Selenium bits
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